• Free Software Foundation: GNU Make Manual
• Ralf Hoppe: GNU Make Kurzreferenz (sorry, only available in German)

Some important GNU Make targets:

• make all

  builds the package

• make install

  installs the package

• make clean

  deletes object files and the executable

• make dist

  generates a distribution package

• make distclean

  delete all stuff configure has created

• make distcheck

  checks the package for distribution

• make maintainer-clean

  deletes all object files, the executable and all distribution files that can be regenerated by Autotools